{"id":306,"date":"2013-06-10T01:09:34","date_gmt":"2013-06-09T16:09:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/a-priori.org\/wordpress\/?p=306"},"modified":"2014-05-27T16:38:20","modified_gmt":"2014-05-27T07:38:20","slug":"why-do-music-students-have-higher-sat-scores","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/a-priori.org\/wordpress\/2013\/06\/10\/306","title":{"rendered":"Why Do Music Students Have Higher SAT Scores?.."},"content":{"rendered":"

http:\/\/www.psmag.com\/blogs\/news-blog\/music-students-have-higher-sat-scores-but-why-58468\/<\/a>
\n\u4eca\u65e5\u306fPacific Standard<\/a>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\u304b\u3089\u300c\u306a\u305c\u97f3\u697d\u5c02\u653b\u306e\u5b66\u751f\u304cSAT\uff08\u5927\u5b66\u9032\u5b66\u9069\u6b63\u8a66\u9a13\uff09\u3067\u597d\u6210\u7e3e\u306a\u306e\u304b\u300d\u306e\u7406\u7531\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u9577\u3081\u3067\u3001\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u96e3\u3057\u3081\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306f\u82f1\u691c1\u7d1a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3067\u3082\u5927\u5b66\u5165\u8a66\u3092\u7d4c\u9a13\u3057\u305f\u4eba\u306a\u3089\u308f\u304b\u308b\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5165\u8a66\u3067\u306f\u304a\u69cb\u3044\u306a\u3057\u306b\u3053\u306e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u306f\u51fa\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5927\u5b66\u5074\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u5e30\u56fd\u5b50\u5973\u306a\u3069\u3082\u8003\u616e\u3057\u3001\u305d\u3046\u7c21\u5358\u306b100\u70b9\u306f\u53d6\u3089\u305b\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u66f4\u306b\u306f\u5e73\u5747\u70b9\u304c\u4f4e\u3044\u65b9\u304c\uff0850\u70b9\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff09\u3001\u53d7\u9a13\u8005\u306e\u672c\u5f53\u306e\u5b9f\u529b\u304c\u5206\u304b\u308a\u516c\u5e73\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6570\u5b66\u306e\u8a71\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u70b9\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u7a0b\u30011\u70b9\u306e\u4fa1\u5024\u304c\u4e0a\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u3001\u516c\u5e73\u306a\u512a\u52a3\u304c\u51fa\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3068\u3082\u304b\u304f\u3001\u3053\u3046\u3044\u3063\u305f\u96e3\u3057\u3081\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u3092\u300c\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff11\uff1e\u3056\u3063\u3068\u8aad\u307f\u3057\u3001\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff12\uff1e\u4eca\u5ea6\u306f\u3057\u3063\u304b\u308a\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u3001\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff13\uff1e\u4f55\u56de\u3082\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u97f3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u3002\u300d\u305d\u3046\u3044\u3046\u52c9\u5f37\u6cd5\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3068\u5b9f\u529b\u304c\u8eab\u306b\u4ed8\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3088\uff01 \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n

Why Do Music Students Have Higher SAT<\/span> Scores?<\/strong><\/p>\n

New research suggests the reason has more to do with<\/span> 1<\/sup><\/span> the sort of student who decides to study music than 1<\/sup><\/span> any brain-boosting benefits of lessons.<\/strong><\/p>\n

May 28, 2013 \u2022 By Tom Jacobs<\/strong>
\n The figures look so good, it\u2019s no wonder that they\u2019re trumpeted<\/span> 2<\/sup><\/span> by the National Association for Music Education. \u201cOn the 2012 SAT,\u201d <\/span>the organization notes,3<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0\u201cstudents who participated in music scored an average of 31 points above average in reading, 23 points above average in math, and 31 points above average in writing.\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A strong argument in favor of<\/span> music education? Maybe not so much. As we point out regularly here, correlation<\/span> and causation<\/span> are very different things. Newly published research concludes those differences reflect the types of kids who decide to participate in music, rather than anything that occurs in the practice room.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Music students tend to be those \u201cwho are already more likely to outperform 4<\/sup><\/span> others on educational measures 5<\/sup><\/span>,\u201d Kenneth Elpus of the University of Maryland reports in the Journal of Research in Music Education.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Once you remove factors such as socioeconomic<\/span> status and prior academic achievement from the equation, he writes, \u201cmusic students in the U.S. high school class of 2004 did not outperform non-music students on college entrance exams, or on standardized math tests.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Elpus\u2019 analysis is based on data from a longitudinal<\/span> study of 13,530 American students who were high school sophomores<\/span> in 2002. Transcript data<\/span> from that group (the class of 2004) showed that 36 percent earned at least one course credit in music.<\/strong><\/p>\n

After controlling for various demographic<\/span> factors<\/span>, 6<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0academic success in previous grades<\/span><\/span>, 6 <\/sup><\/span>and 6<\/sup><\/span> expressed attitudes toward school and learning (including whether they expected to earn a college degree),<\/span> he found no significant difference between music students and others on either college entrance exams or standardized math tests.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Elpus concedes<\/span> that his decision to consider students who have completed one music course as \u201cmusic students\u201d may not \u201cseparate \u2018real\u2019 music students from dilettantes<\/span>, or those participating in a required music course.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

However, he also crunched<\/span> the numbers for kids who took music courses throughout their four years in high school. He found that \u201ceven those students with sustained music enrollment did not outscore 4<\/sup><\/span> their non-music peers on standardized tests, once fixed effects, demographics, and prior academic achievement are taken into account<\/span>.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

None of this contradicts the evidence that music lessons have a positive impact on the brains of young children. (For examples, see here, here, and here.) But it does suggest that arts-education advocates<\/span>, placed in the awkward position of having to justify such courses on \u201cpractical\u201d grounds<\/span>, may be overstating their case when it comes to<\/span> high schoolers.<\/strong>
\n \u201cIt may be time to question seriously, or even retire,\u201d <\/span>Elpus concludes,3<\/sup><\/span> \u201cthe advocacy<\/span> argument that implies music students are more academically successful on standardized tests than their non-music peers because of their enrollment in music.\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cA more candid<\/span> appraisal<\/span> of the current body of research literature might suggest that music is somehow attractive [to those] who are already more likely to perform well academically, and as such<\/span>, may serve as an important artistic outlet with positive developmental benefits for those students who choose to study it.\u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u305d\u308c\u3067\u306f\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u6c34\u8272\u306e\u30de\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc<\/span>\u3068\u6570\u5b57\u304c\u3075\u3063\u3066\u3042\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u304c\u3075\u3063\u3066\u3042\u308b\u5358\u8a9e\u3001\u719f\u8a9e\u306f\u4e0b\u306b\u610f\u5473\u304c\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n

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  1. \u4e00\u898b\u6c17\u304c\u3064\u304b\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3053\u308c\u306f\"have something to do with\"\u3068\u3044\u3046\u719f\u8a9e\u3002\u610f\u5473\u306f\u300c\uff5e\u306b\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300d<\/span>\u3067\u3001something\u306e\u5834\u6240\u304canything, nothing, much\u3068\u30f4\u30a1\u30ea\u30a8\u30a4\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u6ce8\u610f\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306fmuch\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d1a\u306emore\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066than\u4ee5\u4e0b\u304c\u6bd4\u3079\u308b\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u8a00\u8449\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/li>\n
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  3. \u30af\u30aa\u30fc\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\uff08\u5f15\u7528\uff09\u306e\u9593\u306b\u4e3b\u8a9e\uff0b\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u5165\u308b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u8a33\u3057\u306b\u304f\u3044\u3068\u304d\u306f\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u6587\u306e\u6700\u5f8c\u306a\u3093\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u8b58\u3092\u3092\u6301\u3061\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u9055\u3046\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u76f4\u63a5\u8a71\u6cd5\u306esaid\u3067\u306e\u5f15\u7528\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u3042\u3052\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3059\uff08\u30b3\u30f3\u30de\u3001\u30d4\u30ea\u30aa\u30c9\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3082\u6ce8\u610f\u3057\u3066\u4e0b\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/span>\uff09\n